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NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS

The Turkish Higher Education Qualifications Framework (TYYÇ) is a system developed in alignment with the Lisbon Strategy (2000) set by the European Union (EU) and the Bologna Process, which Turkey joined in 2001. The goal of this framework is to enhance transparency, recognition, and mobility within the higher education systems of Bologna member countries. It represents a commitment to establishing national qualifications frameworks in higher education by 2010.

What is a National Qualifications Framework?

A National Qualifications Framework (NQF) defines the qualifications within a country’s education system and their interrelations. In other words, it is a structured system that organizes qualifications recognized and linked by national and international stakeholders. Through this framework, all higher education qualifications and learning outcomes can be clearly defined and systematically related to one another.

You can access the Turkish Higher Education Qualifications Framework (TYYÇ) through the following link: http://tyyc.yok.gov.tr/

The level of qualification attainment is assessed through learning outcomes using appropriate and objective methods during and at the end of each course/module.

Importance of TYYÇ in Higher Education

TYYÇ provides clear definitions of learning outcomes across different levels and:

• Clarifies the purposes and outcomes of qualifications
• Establishes relationships between different qualifications within a unified system
• Facilitates progression and transitions between different qualification levels
• Provides a modern national framework that guides education through stakeholder involvement
• Supports the understanding, organization, and development of existing qualifications
• Offers a foundation for designing new qualifications
• Facilitates qualification reforms
• Assists in the development of new qualifications that align with changing societal needs
• Enhances the recognition and mobility of qualifications
• Helps improve public awareness of qualifications at both national and international levels
• Strengthens Turkey’s higher education recognition and attractiveness abroad

Benefits of TYYÇ for Students

• Helps students make informed choices when selecting academic programs and courses
• Provides clarity on the qualifications they will gain upon completing their studies
• Ensures students understand what they will learn from extracurricular activities
• Reduces barriers to student mobility and encourages lifelong learning
• Facilitates horizontal and vertical transitions between different education levels
• Offers a comprehensive list of qualifications and credit allocations, including intermediate qualifications
• Supports students by providing clear educational opportunities and pathways

Benefits of TYYÇ for Employers

• Helps employers understand what graduates will know and be able to apply in practice
• Enables employers to make better-informed hiring decisions based on qualifications
• Assists employers in differentiating between qualification levels and matching them to workforce needs
• Encourages stakeholder participation in the development of education and training programs by allowing employers to share their expectations